Why is a tick bite so dangerous?
Ticks can carry pathogens. If they bite us, bacteria and viruses enter our bodies. Lyme disease is one of the most common diseases transmitted by ticks. The fact that the symptoms are similar to those of flu makes it difficult to diagnose this disease.
How does Lyme disease manifest itself?
Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia bacteria, which are found in tick saliva. The first sign of the disease is often a ring-shaped reddening around the bite. Those affected are weak, have a fever and a headache. The disease is treated with antibiotics for several weeks. If treatment is delayed, the bacteria enter the bloodstream and damage the organs, which can become inflamed. There is currently no vaccine against Lyme disease. The best protection is to spray a repellent on your clothing when out in nature and to check your body thoroughly for ticks at home.
What other diseases do ticks transmit?
Ticks are also carriers of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). It is triggered by viruses that cause meningitis. In severe cases, it can spread to the brain and spinal cord. The consequences are dizziness, speech and swallowing disorders and, in the worst case, paralysis.
Where are the TBE risk areas in Germany?
There is a particular risk of contracting the pathogen in Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria, but Thuringia, Saarland, Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate are also affected.
How can I protect myself against TBE?
Three vaccinations are necessary for complete protection. The Standing Vaccination Commission advises people in risk areas to have an active vaccination. The body forms antibodies against the vaccine so that it is later immune to the pathogens. The first two vaccinations are given one to three months apart and the third after nine to ten months. They last for three years. There is also a fast vaccination, which should be refreshed after about a year.
Remove ticks correctly
Act immediately: Try to remove the tick with tweezers and pull it out of the skin. If you are out and about, you can also use a so-called tick card. It is not advisable to try to remove the bloodsucker with oil or glue, as it absorbs dangerous pathogens during its death throes. Tip: If an infection is suspected, keep the tick and show it to the doctor treating you.