If gastric juice rises into the throat against the direction of flow, this can be painful and lead to oesophagitis (inflammation of the oesophagus), and over the years even to cancer of the oesophagus. Acid blockers are therefore often quickly resorted to. But many patients don't know this: It is not always due to an excess of acid - a lack of it also often causes problems.

Reflux: too much is bad, but so is too little

Reflux can have several causes. If the stomach produces too much acid, it overflows, so to speak. Sometimes the amount of stomach acid is correct, but the muscles of the oesophagus are too slack to ensure a constant downward movement. Or the gastric sphincter is not doing its job properly - acid can then escape, especially in a lying position. If, on the other hand, the gastric juice is too alkaline, food is poorly broken down into its components and ferments, and acid rises as gas. This is treacherous because there is often no warning heartburn. Symptoms of this "silent reflux" include hoarseness, the urge to clear your throat and a persistent cough.

Oesophagus burns: the treatment depends on the cause

With the help of a gastroscopy, the gastroenterologist can determine whether the sphincter muscle is functioning and whether the oesophagus or throat is irritated. A pH value measurement should also be carried out, as the acidity determines the treatment. For the diagnosis of silent reflux, it can also be useful to measure the acidity in the throat: a probe is inserted through the nose and then measures the concentration of acid in the air breathed for 24 to 48 hours. In any case: stay away from alcohol, sugar, fatty and spicy foods! It is also best to sleep on your left side or on your back with your upper body slightly elevated - this keeps your stomach calm during the night.