Complaints are often misclassified

People who opt for the pill as a contraceptive method are not always informed about the possible consequences of taking hormones. Some are not even included in the package leaflet. For example, it was only recently stipulated by law that the greatly increased risk of developing depression must be mentioned. The oestrogens in the pill also increase the risk of thrombosis. Women over 40 and smokers should therefore not take estrogen-containing products. The risk of blood clots is lower with the mini-pill, which only contains progestogens, but these synthetic luteal hormones stop the body's own production of the hormone progesterone. As we now know, a progesterone deficiency can have effects that are often mistakenly associated with menstrual or menopausal symptoms, such as water retention, weight gain, mood swings and a lack of desire for sex. The sensitive hormone balance is thrown off track and thyroid disorders are promoted. For these reasons, hormone-free contraceptive methods such as the copper IUD (see below) are usually the better choice.

Hormone preparations change the cycle

But how long is contraception actually necessary? Without taking hormones, around two years after the last menstrual period if possible, as menstruation can stop and start again for several months. If you are taking pills or hormone therapy, on the other hand, there is no natural cycle. The hormones cause the lining of the uterus to continue to build up and break down. However, by examining the uterus and ovaries, the gynaecologist can determine whether further ovulation and therefore pregnancy can be ruled out. The pill should then be discontinued at the latest.

Copper IUDs: hormone-free - but are they really safe?

The copper IUD is completely hormone-free. It is individually fitted to the uterus, where it releases tiny amounts of copper into the mucous membrane - sperm cannot implant. Even smaller is the copper chain, which is attached to the uterine wall with a pin. Both offer very reliable protection, while the copper bead ball can slip in rare cases. All copper contraceptives can be worn for three to ten years. The costs start at around 120 euros.

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The power of hormones and their effects
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